We have certain scriptures which are considered as very sacred. It is believed that both realities are eternal and that human beings can, and do, engage in both, which affects not only this life, but the next one as well. Jainism, hinduism, and buddhism share many key concepts derived from the sanskrit language and dialects that have enabled them to hone their religious debates. In jainism, godliness is said to be the inherent quality of every soul. Thirteen theories of human nature while hinduism is incredibly diverse consider also that there are about 41,000 denominations of christianity worldwide 1 and there is no way to adequately capture that diversity in a few pages. Find here a list of selected books on the various aspects of jainism, jain history, jaina philosophy, practices, values and beliefs, thirthankaras, life and teachings of mahavira and jaina tradition. Jainism dont have any specific holy book like the bhagavad geeta,the quran or the bible.
Jainism does not accept a god as creator or ruler, but it does accept those other qualities attributed to god, which are attainable practically by all human beings, through their own efforts by shedding karma attached to their souls. Hinduism a religion that originates in india around 2500 b. Mar 17, 2015 jainism has historical roots in hinduism, but there are many differences between the two indian religions today. However, the puranas are supposed to be complied by muni vyasa. The prescribed threefold path consists of the three jewels of jainism right belief, right knowledge, right conduct. The jain literature which was complied by ganadharas and srutkevlis is known as agam literature. Universe runs own its own accord by its own cosmic laws. Apr 21, 2015 human nature in jainism in jainism, the soul is uncreated, eternal and has infinite power and knowledge. Bc as protests against the overdeveloped ritualism of hinduism, particularly its sacrificial cults, and the authority of the veda. This quality, however, is subdued by the souls association with karmic matter. It also explains how a person can attain heaven in the next life.
Duratrddhi darsana, sravana, rasa superdistanial attainment of vision, hearing, taste. Hinduism views on human nature mindanao state university philosophy 1 prepared by. In india, they share this feature with the buddhists. List of books and articles about jainism online research. In fact, the householders are supposed to evolve to the monkhood in the later stages of life as was the case with the hinduism in the vedic era. This is a my summary of a chapter in a book i often used in university classes. The agam sutras show great reverence for all forms of life and strict codes of vegetarianism, asceticism, nonviolence, and opposition to war. There remain some 4 million jains in india, spread mainly between five states, and there is also a small but influential community of emigrants in both europe and the united states. Other holy scriptures in hinduism are called the upanisads, the smrutis, the puranas, the ramayana and the. Jainism has earned a special reputation for having. Even religious scriptures were considered possessions and therefore knowledge of the. After two hundred years of vain efforts and of spending millions of dollars with the prestige of the conqueror and backed by british bayonets, christianity is not supported by. It therefore has the inherent potential of divinity that is, perfectly omnipotent, omniscient and free.
This book answers questions what is the cosmos universe. The name jainism comes from jina, meaning victor over the self. Indian writing has placed enough emphasis on the positive view of human nature. In jainism, one definite path to attain liberation moksha is prescribed. And infact the study of human personality and the extense of human. For example, all three traditions share a notion of karma as the actions of individuals that determine their future births, yet each has attached unique connotations to the concept. Our intention behind our actions of body, mind, and speech bind us with karma. A concise and accurate introduction to the key principles of jainism.
Swadhyaaya of jain scriptures, precious religious books and magazines almost everyday at. Instead they have a collection of holy writings and scriptures. Ultimate goal of life is eternal release from karma. Though historians have made various speculations about its origins, the origin of jainism remains untraceable. Since gautama buddha, founder of buddhism, belonged to the same region of magadha as mahavira the 24th tirthankar of jainism, and because both were contemporaries, it was assumed erroneously that jainism was contemporary of buddhism or was an off. According to jain belief, because human nature has become continually more depraved mahavira is. Jun 20, 2019 the implementation of the principle of nonviolence is more comprehensive in jainism than in any other religion. Antiquity of jainism professor mahavir saran jain lord mahavira is not the founder of jainism. These beings are also considered mortal just like humans. Regarding the ability of human beings to find the truth, jainism a.
Oct 20, 2011 this page lists some jain festivals and holy days, including the birthday of mahavira and paryushana, which started as a monastic day of reflection. All sects agree that teaching was first transmitted orally, however, the two main sects of jainism, svetambara and digambara disagree on which scriptures are authoritative, or most important. The puranas are holy books of hinduism that date back to gupta empire in ancient india. Jun 30, 2017 unlike christianity, jainism does not believe in the superior being called god. The texts containing the teachings of mahavira are called the agamas, and are the canonical literature the scriptures of svetambara jainism mahaviras disciples compiled his. Jain fundamentals jain rituals jain scriptures jain. Please use the religious material respectfully and for nonprofit purposes. Instead they have a body of holy writings or scriptures. Central to jian belief is the material and the spiritual realm. My brothers and sisters of america, there is not the least shadow of hope that india can ever be christianised. The holy book of jainism is a collection of texts known as agam literature or the agam sutras. Sigmund freud and jainism both have their own significant conceptions regarding fundamental human nature. The jain dharma existed even before the emergence of the vedas and the puranas which are said to be ancient. This page lists some jain festivals and holy days, including the birthday of mahavira and paryushana, which started as a monastic day of reflection.
Jains believe in not harming anyone in any way including in thoughts, action, and speech. All souls who have achieved the natural state of infinite bliss, infinite knowledge kevala jnana, infinite power and infinite perception are regarded as god in jainism. In jainism, salvation can be achieved only through selfeffort and is considered to be the right of human beings. However, they believe that the human beings and other living organisms in the world are entitled to eternity with no time limits talbot 65. Shah jain study center of north carolina raleigh 401 farmstead drive, cary nc 275115631 9194690956 and fax. Jainism lays heavy emphasis on nonviolence ahimsa and the believers of this religion, whether a monk or a householder, follow a very strict, well disciplined life. The relook in indian conceptualization of human nature reveals interesting observations about the doctrines of mind, personality and self. Thirteen theories of human nature while hinduism is incredibly diverse consider also that there are about 41,000 denominations of christianity worldwide 1 and there is no way. Jain scriptures detail the destiny of the soul after death and the causes of physical death. Jul 16, 2009 the lay and mendicant communities of the jain, however, have maintained an unbroken presence in india for more than 2,500 years and have influenced its culture throughout this time. Therefore, certainly their is no salvation in heavenly life and such beings will have to be reborn as human beings in order to attain liberation. A glance at its contents will reveal the fact that glasenapp has covered almost all the salient features of jainism.
On the other hand, modern psychology is empiricist. Human nature in jainism in jainism, the soul is uncreated, eternal and has infinite power and knowledge. Jain texts such as acaranga sutra and tattvarthasutra state that one must. After two hundred years of vain efforts and of spending millions of dollars with the prestige of the conqueror and backed by british bayonets, christianity is not supported by the converts themselves. The lay and mendicant communities of the jain, however, have maintained an unbroken presence in india for more than 2,500 years and have influenced its culture throughout this time. To cope with the changing times, the living things change and modify their forms from one nature to another. These texts are glorious tales of the hindu trinity brahma, vishnu and maheshwar shiva. In jainism, a good life through moral conduct ahimsaa, or nonviolence and reverence for life in thoughts, words, and deeds leads to a good death, one in which the body remains, to the last, under an ascetic type of control. In the religious scriptures, the name arihantas and tirthankaras are interchangeably used. For compiling revising and editing of the compendium of jainism book jab manual. Jainism believes in godhood but does not believe god to be the first cause as in the advait philosophy. Second, there are two kinds of space within the jain universe world space and nonworld space. The religion centres on the progress of ones soul towards a divine.
Its is, indeed, found to have been in existence, in one form of the other, or under one name or the other, since the very dawn of human. We have certain scriptures which are considered as. Lord mahavirs preaching was methodically compiled by his followers into many texts. Jainism traditionally known as jain dharma, is an ancient indian religion. The religion extends the principle of ahimsa and kindness not only to human beings but also to all living beings including animals. For their continued efforts and commitment in promoting religious awareness. Jain monks and nuns were not allowed to possess religious books as part of their. Fundamental beliefs of jainism the soul is bounded by karma from the beginning of time the principles governing the successions of life cycles birth, life, and death is karma. Jain cosmology has several distinguishing features that mark it out from other indian notions of the universe, time and the human place within it.
According to jain philosophy, all tirthankaras were human beings but they have attained a state of perfection. Unlike monotheistic traditions, the jains do not have a unique holy book that characterises their faith. Crossing maker one of the 24 ideal human beings of the past, mahavaria being the most recent. Unlike most common monotheistic religions, jainism does not have one holy book that characterizes their faith. Jainism has historical roots in hinduism, but there are many differences between the two indian religions today. The holy teachers are called the jina, and they are the epitome of teaching for all jains, especially the jina mahavira. Jainism believes that universe and all its substances or entities are eternal. There are large pantheon of godlings, celestials or angels who are superhuman in this religion just like the hindu gods. The human nature is viewed to be having strong inwardly character. In the digambara tradition, a male human being is considered closest to the. Holy days, festivals and rituals fasting is the very imporatant part of the jains tradition. Science has done a great service to mankind by providing amenities of. Summary of hinduism on human nature reason and meaning.
Hence, the jain religion does not have one sacred book like the bible or koran, but it. Find the top 100 most popular items in amazon books best sellers. Above all, these ideals translate into a religion of love and compassion not only towards human beings but also towards all other forms of life. The svetambaras believe that the collection of 32 or 45, the number is disputed agamas holy scriptures are the first and foremost of all holy texts. Written by pandit shree gopaldasji baraiya principles of jainism translated by bhrumchari hemchand jain. Jainism is an ancient religious and philosophical tradition that is thought to have originated in the ganges river basin. The a to z of jainism covers the history of jainism that spans a period of more than 2,500 years.
Jainism, ajivika, and buddhism arose in the 6th cent. Jainism is a way of thinking and living based on logic and science. It is propagated by self realized individuals who have attained perfect knowledge, omniscience, and self. As a tiryancha being born as an animal like lion, elephant, bird, plant, etc.
The most holy of the hindu books is written in sanskrit and is referred to as the vedas. Jainism is an eastern religion with origins in the indus river valley dating back to 3000 b. Chapter 01 jain concept of god and universe jain elibrary. Jain books, jain literature, jain shastras in english. Hindus are in a similar position, even though they have the vedas, which can be considered the ultimate source of teaching. All the substances change or modify their forms continuously. These texts are the holy scriptures of the jain religion. These texts are collectively known as agams, the sacred books of the jain religion. Unlike christianity, jainism does not believe in the superior being called god. Followers of jainism are called jains, a word derived from the sanskrit word jina victor referring to the path of victory in crossing over lifes stream of rebirths by destroying karma through an ethical and spiritual life. Next, repetition and symmetry are crucial elements. This page provides information about important jain texts. Jainism is an ancient philosophy and religion and freud. The present book is one of the best and stimulating books ever written by scholars on jainism.
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